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Vitamin
Deficiency Underlies Tooth Decay
Malnutrition Causes Much More than Dental Disease
Cavities and gum diseases are not often regarded as
serious diseases, yet they are epidemic throughout our society, from the
youngest of children to the oldest of senior citizens. Research more than
suggests that the same good nutrition that prevents cavities and gum diseases
may also prevent other illnesses.
Dental caries and gum pathology are frequently associated
with serious chronic health problems. Multiple independent studies published
after 1990 document this. Cavities are associated with poor mental health
[1-4]. Elderly individuals with dementia or Alzheimer's disease had an
average of 7.8 teeth with fillings vs. an average of only 2.7 fillings
for elderly individuals without dementia [1]. It is likely that the toxic
heavy metal mercury, which makes up half of every amalgam filling, is
a contributing factor.
A recent authoritative review showed a clear association
between cavities and heart diseases [5]. More importantly, this same study
showed that people with poor oral health, on average, lead shorter lives.
The association between cavities and diabetes is also a subject of active,
ongoing research [6-8]. Connections between heart disease, diabetes, and
dental decay have been suspected for decades. Many of the scientists who
called attention to this have proposed that diets high in sugar and refined
carbohydrates were the common cause of these diseases [9-15].
Dental diseases, mental diseases, heart disease, infectious
respiratory diseases, and heart disease are all at least partially caused
by common failures in metabolism. Such failures are inevitable when there
is a deficiency of essential nutrients, particularly vitamins D, C, and
niacin.
There is especially strong evidence for a relationship
between vitamin D deficiency and cavities. Dozens of studies were conducted
in the 1930's and 1940's [16-27]. More than 90% of the studies concluded
that supplementing children with vitamin D prevents cavities. Particularly
impressive was a study published in 1941 demonstrating the preventative
affect of "massive" doses of vitamin D [28]. And yet no subsequent
studies in the scientific literature suggested a need to follow up and
repeat this work. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to respiratory infections,
cancer, heart disease, diabetes and other ailments [29]. The evidence
for vitamin C was reviewed by Linus Pauling [15], and the evidence for
niacin was reviewed by Abram Hoffer [30].
Obtaining vitamins in sufficient doses to help prevent
dental disease is safe and easily accomplished. Between 5,000 and 15,000
IU of vitamin D may be obtained from modest exposure to sunshine in the
middle of the day. Recommending that people regularly use the capacity
of their skin to make vitamin D is common sense. Certainly 1,000 to 2,000
IU per day of vitamin D in supplemental form is safe. 2,000 milligrams
per day of vitamin C, and hundreds of milligrams per day of niacin, help
prevent tooth and mouth troubles. Sick individuals, and those who are
prone to cavities, will typically benefit by starting with higher doses
of vitamin D, vitamin C, and niacin under the supervision of an orthomolecular
physician.
We believe that individuals taking these nutrients,
along with good dental care, will have dramatically fewer cavities and
gum operations than individuals just getting good dental care. This idea
is easily tested, and the time has come to do so.
Orthomolecular Medicine News Service, February 19, 2009
www.orthomolecular.org
References:
[1] B Ellefsen; P Holm-Pedersen; D E Morse; M. Schroll; B. Andersen; G.
Waldemar. Caries Prevalence in Older Persons with and without Dementia.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Volume 56, Number 1, January
2008, 59-67(9).
[2] J M Chalmers, K D Carter, A J Spencer. Caries incidence and increments
in community-living older adults with and without dementia. Australian
Research Center for Population Oral Health, Dental School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia. Gerodontology Volume 19 Issue 2,
80 - 94.
[3] Friedlander, A.H.; Mahler, M.E. Major depressive disorder psychopathology,
medical management and dental implications. Graduate Medical Education,
Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (14), Los Angeles,
CA, USA. Journal of the American Dental Association (2001), 132(5), 629-638.
[4] Stewart, R.; et. al. Oral Health and Cognitive Function in the Third
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), Psychosomatic
Medicine 70:936-941 (2008).
[5] Meurman, J.H.; Sanz, M.;Janket, S. Oral infection and vascular disease.
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Finland. Vascular Disease
Prevention (2007), 4(4), 260-267.
[6] Touger-Decker R, Sirois D A, Vernillo A T. Diabetes mellitus: Nutrition
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Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark,
NJ, USA. Editor(s): Touger-Decker, Riva. Nutrition and Oral Medicine (2005),
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[7] Diaz-Romero, R.; Casanova-Roman, R.; Beltran-Zuniga, M; Belmont-Padilla,
J.; Mendez, J.; Avila-Rosas, H.. Oral Infections and Glycemic Control
in Pregnant Type 2 Diabetics. Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico
City, Mex. Archives of Medical Research (2005), 36(1), 42-48.
[8] Twetman, S.; Johansson, I.; Birkhed, D.; Nederfors, T. Caries incidence
in young type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in relation to metabolic control
and caries-associated risk factors. Caries Research (2002), 36(1), 31-35.
[9] Bommer, S. Diseases of civilization and nutrition. Ernaehrungsforschung
(1963), 7 598-612.
[10] Miler-Sosnkowska, M. Role of dietary carbohydrates in relation to
their metabolism. Inst. Zywienia Czlowieka, Akad. Roln., Warsaw, Pol.
Postepy Higieny i Medycyny Doswiadczalnej (1975), 29(4), 537-55.
[11] Cremer, H.D.; Eyer, H. Carbohydrates. Inst. Ernaehrungswiss. I, Univ.
Giessen, Giessen, Fed. Rep. Ger. Ernaehrungs-Umschau (1975), 22(10), 291-3.
[12] Newberne, P.M.. Nutrition: summary of evidence. Sweeteners: Issues,
uncertainties. Acad. Forum, 4th (1975), 76-85, 252-3.
[13] Heraud, G. Sucrose and nutritional pathology. Sucrerie Francaise
(1979), 120(24), 21-6.
[14] Nuttall, F.Q.; Gannon, M.C.. Sucrose and disease. Diabetes Care (1981),
4(2), 305-10.
[15] Pauling, L. "How to Live Longer and Feel Better." W.H.
Freeman and Company, 1986. Revised 2006, Oregon State University Press.
http://oregonstate.edu/dept/press/g-h/LiveLonger.html
[16] Tisdall, F.F. The effect of nutrition on the primary teeth. Child
Development (1937) 8(1), 102-4.
[17] McBeath, E.C. Nutrition and diet in relation to preventive dentistry.
NY J. Dentistry (1938) 8; 17-21.
[17] McBeath, E.C.; Zucker, T.F. Role of vitamin D in the control of dental
caries in children. Journal of Nutrition (1938) 15; 547-64.
[19] East, B. R. Nutrition and dental caries. American Journal of Public
Health 1938. 28; 72-6.
[20] Mellanby, M. The role of nutrition as a factor in resistance to dental
caries. British Dental Journal (1937), 62; 241-52.
[21] His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. The influence of diet on
caries in children's teeth. Report of the Committee for the Investigation
of Dental Disease (1936).
[22] McBeath, F.C. Vitamin D studies, 1933-1934. American Journal of Public
Health (1934), 24 1028-30.
[23] Anderson, P. G.; Williams, C. H. M.; Halderson, H.; Summerfeldt,
C.; Agnew, R. Influence of vitamin D in the prevention of dental caries.
Journal of the American Dental Association (1934) 21; 1349-66.
[24] Day, C. D.; Sedwick, H. J. Fat-soluble vitamins and dental caries
in children. Journal of Nutrition (1934) 8; 309-28.
[25] Agnew, M. C.; Agnew, R. G.; Tisdall, F. F. The production and prevention
of dental caries. Journal of the American Dental Association, JADA (1933)
20; 193-212.
[26] Bennett, N. G.; et al. The influence of diet on caries in children's
teeth. Special Report Series - Medical Research Council, UK (1931) No.
159, 19.
[27] Mellanby, M.; Pattison, C. L. The influence of a cereal-free diet
rich in vitamin D and calcium on dental caries in children. British Medical
Journal (1932) I 507-10.
[28] Brodsky, R. H.; Schick, B.; Vollmer, H.. Prevention of dental caries
by massive doses of vitamin D. American Journal of Diseases of Children
(1941) 62; 1183-7.
[29] http://www.vitamindcouncil.org/
[30] Hoffer A, Saul AW. Orthomolecular Medicine for Everyone. Laguna Beach,
California, Basic Health Pub, 2008. http://www.doctoryourself.com/orthomolecular.html
Nutritional Medicine is Orthomolecular Medicine
Orthomolecular medicine uses safe, effective nutritional therapy to fight
illness. For more information: http://www.orthomolecular.org
The peer-reviewed Orthomolecular Medicine News Service is a non-profit
and non-commercial informational resource
Editorial Review Board:
Carolyn Dean, M.D., N.D.
Damien Downing, M.D.
Harold D. Foster, Ph.D.
Michael Gonzalez, D.Sc., Ph.D.
Steve Hickey, Ph.D.
Abram Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.
James A. Jackson, PhD
Bo H. Jonsson, MD, Ph.D
Thomas Levy, M.D., J.D.
Jorge R. Miranda-Massari, Pharm.D.
Erik Paterson, M.D.
Gert E. Shuitemaker, Ph.D.
Andrew W. Saul, Ph.D., Editor and contact person. Email: omns@orthomolecular.org
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